Volatile organic compounds are organic chemicals which are released as a gas from liquids or solids. Both animals and plants emit VOCs, and their levels can vary during instances of illness, infection, or infestation. Detecting these variations can aid in diagnosing conditions like Parkinson's disease and cancer, as well as identifying infections.

Honey bee colonies can suffer from bacterial and viral infections, as well as pest infestations, which can lead to colony death in severe cases. Similar to humans, the earlier a disease or pest is identified and addressed, the higher the chances of recovery. This research tracks changes in the VOC profiles of bee colonies to facilitate early detection of diseases or pests.

Additionally, honey bees gather VOCs from their surroundings while foraging for nectar, pollen, propolis, and water, bringing them back to the hive. Monitoring the VOCs present in colonies can provide insights into the local environment and help identify environmental contamination.